JUTE FIBER PROPERTIES:-
Jute fibers in composites offer some interesting properties. It has relatively good specific properties, similar to those of glass fibers. Jute fibers are environmental friendly and together with a thermoplastic matrix they are also recyclable. Their low abrasive nature leads to reduced tool wear in production compared to glass fibers. Economical aspects are of course important. The ever rising oil price has lead to an increased interest in the use of natural fibers over the recent years, and especially so in the automotive industry where large quantities of plastic parts are produced.
Drawbacks of jute fibers are sensitivity to moisture, low compatibility to non-polar polymers used as matrix and lack of well defined mechanical properties. The latter is because many parameters (geographic location, climate, soil condition etc.) affect the growth of plants and consequently their properties (may even vary a lot from different locations within the plant). Wood fibers generally show lower variability than fibers from annual plants, which is advantageous in terms of structural design. Values of Young’s modulus obtained from single fiber tests for different softwoods reported in literature varies from 7-25 GPa for earlywood, and from 11-80 GPa for latewood.
TABLE: PROPERTIES OF SELECTED NATURAL FIBRES:-
Property
|
Jute
|
Banana
|
Sisal
|
Pineapple
|
Coir
|
Width or Diameter (mm )
|
-
|
80-250
|
50-200
|
20-80
|
100-450
|
Density (gms./cc)
|
1.3
|
1.35
|
1.45
|
1.44
|
1.15
|
Volume Resistivity At 100 volts
(Wcm x 105) |
-
|
6.5-7
|
0.4-0.5
|
0.7-0.8
|
9-14
|
Micro-Fibrillar Angle (degree)
|
8.1
|
11
|
10-22
|
14-18
|
30-49
|
Cellulose/Lignin Content (%)
|
61 /12
|
65 /5
|
67 /12
|
81 /12
|
43 /45
|
Elastic Modulus (GN/m2)
|
-
|
8-20
|
9-16
|
34-82
|
4-6
|
Tenacity (MN/m2)
|
440-533
|
529-754
|
568-640
|
413-1627
|
131-175
|
Elongation (%)
|
1-1.2
|
1.0-3.5
|
3-7
|
0.8-1.6
|
15-40
|
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF JUTE FIBRES AS COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL FIBERS:-
Fibre
|
Density
(g/cm3)
|
Young’s
modulus
(GPa)
|
Tensile
strength
(MPa)
|
Elongation
at break (%)
|
Jute
|
1.3
|
26.5
|
393-773
|
1.5-1.8
|
Cotton
|
1.5-1.6
|
5.5-12.6
|
287-597
|
7-8
|
Flax
|
1.5
|
27.6-46.9
|
345-1035
|
2.7-3.2
|
Ramie
|
-
|
61.4-128
|
400-983
|
3.6-3.8
|
Sisal
|
1.5
|
9.4-22
|
511-635
|
2-2.5
|
Viscose (cord)
|
-
|
11.0
|
593
|
11.4
|
Softwood
|
1.5
|
18-40
|
1000
|
-
|
Hardwood
|
1.2
|
37.9
|
-
|
-
|
E-glass
|
2.5
|
70
|
2000-3500
|
2.5
|
S-glass
|
2.5
|
86
|
4570
|
2.8
|
Aramid
|
1.4
|
63-67
|
3000-3150
|
3.3-3.7
|
Carbon
|
1.4
|
230-240
|
4000
|
1.4-1.8
|
TABLE: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GLASS AND JUTE FIBRES
Property
|
E-glass
|
Jute
|
Specific Gravity
|
2.5
|
1.3
|
Tensile Strength (MN/m2 )
|
3400
|
442
|
Young’s Modulus (MN/m2 )
|
72
|
55.5
|
Specific Strength (MN/m2 )
|
1360
|
340
|
Specific Modulus (GN/m2 )
|
28.8
|
42.7
|
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